Bulk Cargo

Bulk cargo in air freight refers to goods loaded loose and individually into aircraft cargo holds without packaging or containerization. This loading method is commonly used on narrow-body short-haul aircraft where baggage and cargo items are counted individually rather than weighed by container. Netting is used to restrain bulk loaded items within holds to prevent movement during flight. Airlines use bulk cargo operations when shipments don't require specialized containers or when maximizing cargo hold capacity is critical for operational efficiency.

A Lufthansa Cargo shipment from Frankfurt (FRA) to Chicago O'Hare (ORD) carries AWB number 020-12345678, where individual boxes and packages are loaded loose into the aircraft's bulk compartment and secured with cargo nets. An American Airlines flight from Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW) to Miami (MIA) transports 45 individual pieces of loose cargo weighing 2,850 kg total in its bulk hold, with each piece counted separately for load planning rather than being palletized or containerized.

• bulk hold
• loose load
• bulk loading
• bulk freight

What is the maximum weight limit for individual bulk cargo pieces on commercial aircraft?

Most airlines limit individual bulk cargo pieces to 150 pounds (68 kg) or less, with some carriers accepting up to 220 pounds (100 kg) per piece. Pieces exceeding these limits typically require special handling equipment or must be palletized. Weight restrictions vary by carrier and aircraft type, with narrow-body aircraft generally having stricter limits than wide-body freighters.

How does bulk cargo loading affect aircraft weight and balance calculations?

Bulk cargo loading requires precise weight distribution calculations using the Loading Instruction Form (LIF) to maintain proper center of gravity limits. Airlines use standard weight assumptions per piece (typically 15-20 kg for domestic flights, 20-25 kg for international) when exact weights are unavailable. Load planners must ensure cargo is distributed properly between forward and aft compartments to stay within certified CG envelope limits.